{"id":3139,"date":"2023-08-22T10:08:26","date_gmt":"2023-08-22T10:08:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/?p=3139"},"modified":"2024-01-12T02:59:36","modified_gmt":"2024-01-12T02:59:36","slug":"possible-world-i-environment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/","title":{"rendered":"Possible World I: environment"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio has-white-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/nmw\/3d-modeling\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-attachment-id=\"287\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/nmw\/tea-fractal\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/tea-fractal.gif\" data-orig-size=\"300,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"tea-fractal\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/tea-fractal.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/tea-fractal.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-287\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;width:120px;height:undefinedpx\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/nmw\/3d-modeling\/\">3D modeling<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/environments\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"375\" height=\"375\" data-attachment-id=\"136\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/nmw\/3d-modeling\/environments\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/environments.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"375,375\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"environments\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/environments.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/environments.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-136\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;width:120px;height:undefinedpx\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/environments.jpg 375w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/environments-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/environments-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/environments-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/environments\/\">4 | environments<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"688\" height=\"688\" data-attachment-id=\"1663\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/environments\/north_america_from_low_orbiting_satellite_suomi_npp-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP.png\" data-orig-size=\"688,688\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1663\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;width:120px;height:undefinedpx\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP.png 688w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong>possible world I<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/div>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f0fdf942b26\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f0fdf942b26\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#Create_a_possible_world\" >Create a possible world<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#A_possible_world_in_two_parts\" >A possible world in two parts<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#Representation_or_invention\" >Representation or invention?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#A_case_study_the_Large_Glass_as_representation%E2%80%A6\" >A case study: the Large Glass as representation&#8230;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#%E2%80%A6_and_as_invention\" >&#8230; and as invention<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#Creation_or_reaction\" >Creation or reaction?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#Building_the_unbuilt\" >Building the unbuilt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#Scale-shifting\" >Scale-shifting<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#Concept\" >Concept<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#Iteration\" >Iteration<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#Asset_sites\" >Asset sites<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/#Synthesis\" >Synthesis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"688\" height=\"688\" data-attachment-id=\"1663\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/environments\/north_america_from_low_orbiting_satellite_suomi_npp-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP.png\" data-orig-size=\"688,688\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1663\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP.png 688w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/North_America_from_low_orbiting_satellite_Suomi_NPP-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Create_a_possible_world\"><\/span>Create a possible world<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>By drawing a slightly different image in front of each eye, the image can be made three-dimensional. By changing the image seventy-two times a second, it can be made to move. By drawing the moving three-dimensional image at a resolution of 2K pixels on a side, it can be as sharp as the eye can perceive, and by pumping stereo digital sound through the little earphones, the moving 3-D picture can have a perfectly realistic soundtrack.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>So Hiro&#8217;s not actually here at all. He&#8217;s in a computer-generated universe that his computer is drawing onto his goggles and pumping into his earphones. In the lingo, this imaginary place is known as the Metaverse. Hiro spends a lot of time in the Metaverse &#8230;&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<cite><em>\u2014 Neal Stephenson, <\/em><strong><em>Snow Cras<\/em>h<\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The goal of the&nbsp;<strong>Possible World<\/strong>&nbsp;project is to produce a one-minute narrative in which a simple entity interacts with a simple environment in a meaningful, complex way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As defined by the hierarchy and types of modeling in <strong>parallelUniverses<\/strong>, an <strong>Environment<\/strong> involves greater conceptual complexity than the <strong>Element<\/strong> model you made in the last project, although this does not necessarily correlate to greater complexity in modeling geometry. Rather, it brings the modeler deeper into <strong>Composition<\/strong> and <strong>Material<\/strong> modeling. An<strong> Entity<\/strong> carries one into the fullest conceptual territory for modeling. It adds<strong> Kinematics<\/strong> through techniques of timeline manipulation, time-based deformations, and rigging \u2014 the &#8220;skeleton&#8221; and &#8220;muscles&#8221; \u2014 of the entity. This author avoids the term\u00a0<strong>character<\/strong>\u00a0as a conceptually limiting framework. While a character can be an entity, an entity is not necessarily a character.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Like an actor and a movie set, there is a strong linkage between environment and entity, which is why a significant portion of our term is devoted to the creation of this final project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_possible_world_in_two_parts\"><\/span>A possible world in two parts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the skills developed in the environment and the entity aspects of the project are discrete and complex. Thus, for evaluation, we divide the&nbsp;<strong>Possible World<\/strong>&nbsp;project into two parts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Possible World 01: Environment<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Possible World 02: Entity<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>We will describe the objectives and criteria for Possible World I below. A more detailed description of Possible World II will be saved for the next title. With that said, we still need to develop a framework for the unified work as a whole. We do that by creating several documents found in most animation projects. These include concept art, storyboards, shot designs, and a production chart. To keep them organized, we&#8217;ll post them to the blog in the virtual production folder you set up in the&nbsp;<strong>Production Folder<\/strong>&nbsp;exercise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Representation_or_invention\"><\/span>Representation or invention?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A generation ago, when an artist or designer approached environment modeling, it was seen as a surrogate for reality. An accurate <strong>representation<\/strong> of that reality was the standard criteria. In the past 30 years, with experiences ranging from Second Life to massively multiplayer online gaming, virtual reality to augmented reality, and the blurring of the boundaries between virtual and actual, the conceptual constraints and expectations for environment modeling have radically transformed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, we can conceive of an environmental model, not purely as a&nbsp;<strong>representation<\/strong>, of something that historically exists or something from a possible future. We can also create an&nbsp;<strong>invention<\/strong> \u2014 an actual destination, not unlike the Metaverse described in&nbsp;<strong>Snow Crash<\/strong>. Gamers occupy invented environments on a fairly regular basis, though they are still prevented from experiencing Hiro&#8217;s total immersion by the looking-glass plane of the screen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In any event, these polarities can manifest themselves whenever you create a new environment, react to an existing environment, or create tension between creation and reaction through juxtaposition. This project will engage you in one of these possible worlds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_case_study_the_Large_Glass_as_representation%E2%80%A6\"><\/span>A case study: the Large Glass as representation&#8230;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Duchamp&#8217;s&nbsp;<strong>Large Glass<\/strong>&nbsp;has a long and storied history. It has influenced much of the direction of artmaking since being &#8220;definitively unfinished&#8221; by its author a century ago. Duchamp may not have known at the time that &#8220;definitively unfinished&#8221; meant that several artists would take up his mechano-erotic tragicomedy as source material for their own expression. But he lived to see his cheeky phrase evolve into work by other artists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Richard Hamilton, the British Pop artist, approached Duchamp with an odd idea. The original copy of the Glass being too fragile to move, he proposed a replica \u2014 a <strong>representative<\/strong> model \u2014 to be created and placed in the Tate Museum. Believing as he did that idea transcends expression, Duchamp was delighted with the concept and gave his approval. Hamilton used the notes from Duchamp&#8217;s Green Box rather than photographs, like building a model from a blueprint. Hamilton&#8217;s dual, seen below, does not include the shatter in Duchamp&#8217;s, but a representation of the&nbsp;<strong>original<\/strong>&nbsp;conception.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"548\" height=\"548\" data-attachment-id=\"2202\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/variations\/largeprint\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/largePrint.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"548,548\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"largePrint\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/largePrint.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/largePrint.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/largePrint.jpg 548w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/largePrint-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/largePrint-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/largePrint-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Duchamp&#8217;s original at the Philadelphia Museum of Art&#8230;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"338\" height=\"500\" data-attachment-id=\"3142\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/hamilton_glass\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/hamilton_glass.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"338,500\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"hamilton_glass\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/hamilton_glass.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/hamilton_glass.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3142\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/hamilton_glass.jpg 338w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/hamilton_glass-203x300.jpg 203w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/hamilton_glass-300x444.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 338px) 100vw, 338px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>&#8230; and Richard Hamiton&#8217;s <strong>representation<\/strong> at the Tate.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%A6_and_as_invention\"><\/span>&#8230; and as invention<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jasper Johns was inspired by the&nbsp;<strong>Glass<\/strong> as well, though in a very different way. He used it as inspiration to <strong>invent<\/strong> an inflatable set for Merce Cunningham&#8217;s <strong>Walkaround Time<\/strong> in 1968, seen below. As Cunningham recounts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>We were having at dinner at the Duchamps&#8217;. &#8230;&nbsp; Jasper had the idea of making a set using elements of&nbsp; The Large Glass and he went over and asked Marcel. Marcel said, &#8216;Yes, but who would do all the work?&#8217; Jasper said, &#8216;I would,&#8217; so Marcel said that would be fine. &#8230; The inflatables took a long time to make, but two days before the premiere, Jasper told me he was going to do them again. He had to make them wider or they would fall over. The stage where we going to play was small, and I had to figure out if there would be space left for the dancers. &#8230; Marcel was at the premiere. He was 79 or 80, and he came up on stage afterwards. Jasper refused to bow &#8211; he never would &#8211; and as Marcel passed him he said, &#8216;Jasper, I&#8217;m just as afraid as you are.&#8217; &#8230; In the end, we had to stop doing the piece because the set was being harmed. It&#8217;s at the Walker Arts Centre [sic] now. I&#8217;m glad people can see it because it&#8217;s so beautiful.<\/em><\/p>\n<cite><em>Merce Cunningham<\/em><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The inflatable pillows remix the &#8220;characters&#8221; of the&nbsp;<strong>Glass<\/strong>&nbsp;to create an&nbsp;<strong>invented<\/strong>&nbsp;model. This is an entirely new environment, one where dancers can interact with the set. Although it is now a more static installation at the Walker Art Center, the work remains a very Johnsian take on the iconography of Duchamp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"341\" data-attachment-id=\"3143\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/cunningham_glass\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cunningham_glass.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"500,341\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"cunningham_glass\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cunningham_glass.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cunningham_glass.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3143\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cunningham_glass.jpg 500w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cunningham_glass-300x205.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Merce Cunningham, set and dancers for Walkaround Time, photographed by James Klosty, 1968<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"458\" data-attachment-id=\"3144\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/johns_glass\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/johns_glass.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"500,458\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"johns_glass\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/johns_glass.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/johns_glass.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/johns_glass.jpg 500w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/johns_glass-300x275.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Jasper Johns, Set Elements for Walkaround Time, 1968, installed at the Walker Art Center<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The lesson: you can be inspired by something that exists to reproduce it, or remix it!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Creation_or_reaction\"><\/span>Creation or reaction?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When installation artists work, they often <strong>react<\/strong> to an existing environment in a site-specific or site-sensitive way, but they can also <strong>create<\/strong> an entirely autonomous thing. There is a curious interplay between the intellectual forces of drawing meaning from within existing conditions versus superimposing meaning from without. These artists will challenge you to think about modeling and environments from these perspectives, starting with Olafur Eliasson discussing the core issue of space:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Designing models \u2014 with Olafur Eliasson &amp; Felix Hallwachs\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5L0S-2smlmQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>An echo of Eliasson&#8217;s final sentiment about the nature of the environment as a model is found in Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen&#8217;s playful but serious re-scaling of common objects. What do you get when you cross Philadelphia City Hall Tower with the different versions of Brancusi&#8217;s Kiss (one of which is at the Philadelphia Museum of Art)? The world&#8217;s largest clothespin, of course. But how is <strong>Clothespin<\/strong> NOT the same as a clothespin?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"366\" height=\"480\" data-attachment-id=\"3152\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/brancusi_kiss\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/brancusi_kiss.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"366,480\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"brancusi_kiss\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/brancusi_kiss.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/brancusi_kiss.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3152\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/brancusi_kiss.jpg 366w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/brancusi_kiss-229x300.jpg 229w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/brancusi_kiss-300x393.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 366px) 100vw, 366px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Brancusi, The Kiss, 1916, at the Philadelphia Museum of Art<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"375\" height=\"500\" data-attachment-id=\"3153\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/oldenberg_pin-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/oldenberg_pin-1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"375,500\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"oldenberg_pin-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/oldenberg_pin-1.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/oldenberg_pin-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3153\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/oldenberg_pin-1.jpg 375w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/oldenberg_pin-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/oldenberg_pin-1-300x400.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Claes Oldenberg and Coosje van Bruggen, Philadelphia&nbsp; Clothespin, 1976<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" data-attachment-id=\"3154\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/clothespin\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/clothespin.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"500,333\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"clothespin\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/clothespin.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/clothespin.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3154\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/clothespin.jpg 500w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/clothespin-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>A common clothespin<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Building_the_unbuilt\"><\/span>Building the unbuilt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Another tower, Vladimir Tatlin&#8217;s <strong>Monument to the Third International<\/strong> of 1920, was never built. The ultimate expression of the spirit of Russian Constructivism, its spirals and angles are echoed in much of today&#8217;s contemporary architecture. But Tatlin&#8217;s structure has only ever existed as a model. A room-sized analog model was used to propagate the design. But it was small in comparison to the ambition of a structure intended to dwarf the Eiffel Tower, the tallest building at the time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The digital version seen below has more recently been created by Takehiko Nagakura. He is an Associate Professor of Design and Computation at MIT and spearheads the <strong>Unbuilt Monuments<\/strong> project there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"371\" height=\"500\" data-attachment-id=\"3156\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/tatlin_monument\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tatlin_monument.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"371,500\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"tatlin_monument\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tatlin_monument.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tatlin_monument.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3156\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tatlin_monument.jpg 371w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tatlin_monument-223x300.jpg 223w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tatlin_monument-300x404.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 371px) 100vw, 371px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Vladimir Tatlin, Monument to the Third International, 1920<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Tatlin Tower St Petersburg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/lwuPCDhpcfY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Digital model and video of Tatlin&#8217;s tower by Takehiko Nagakura<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Scale-shifting\"><\/span>Scale-shifting<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Art Guys complete our trio of towers with <strong>Bonded Activity #55 (Skyscraper)<\/strong>, part of the exhibition <strong>Leaded<\/strong> at the Palmer Museum of Art at Penn State University. They utterly transform the scale of the common pencil. At the same time, the tower feels decidedly model-ish\u2014a tension of scale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"256\" height=\"349\" data-attachment-id=\"3158\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/art_guys_skyscrapers\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/art_guys_skyscrapers.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"256,349\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"art_guys_skyscrapers\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/art_guys_skyscrapers.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/art_guys_skyscrapers.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3158\" style=\"width:400px;height:undefinedpx\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/art_guys_skyscrapers.jpg 256w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/art_guys_skyscrapers-220x300.jpg 220w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 256px) 100vw, 256px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Michael Galbreth and Jack Massing a.k.a. the Art Guys, Bonded Activity #55 (Skyscraper), 1999<\/em><br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"381\" height=\"500\" data-attachment-id=\"3159\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/grooms_ruckus\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/grooms_ruckus.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"381,500\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"grooms_ruckus\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/grooms_ruckus.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/grooms_ruckus.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3159\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/grooms_ruckus.jpg 381w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/grooms_ruckus-229x300.jpg 229w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/grooms_ruckus-300x394.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Red Grooms and Ruckus Construction Company, detail of&nbsp; Ruckus Manhattan, 1976<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>From making something small big to making something big small: enter Red Grooms. He may have heard echoes of the word <strong>ruckus<\/strong> in const-<strong>ruc<\/strong>-tion, inspiring his portrait of the city he loves as a not-far-off-the-mark hyper-cartoonish world. Manhattan in miniature still takes up a grand amount of space! We only see a tiny detail above, in one of the first installations enabled by CreativeTime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ruckus Construction Company&#8217;s installations were among the first immersive sculptural environments known as <strong>installation art<\/strong>. Other artists enjoy immersing their models in the mundane environment as we know it. They sometimes do it in guerrilla street art fashion, often with surreal results, as exemplified below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"334\" data-attachment-id=\"3160\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/slinkachu_overpowered\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/slinkachu_overpowered.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"500,334\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"slinkachu_overpowered\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/slinkachu_overpowered.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/slinkachu_overpowered.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/slinkachu_overpowered.jpg 500w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/slinkachu_overpowered-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Slinkachu, <strong>Overpowered<\/strong>, 2009. Little people positioned ironically &#8220;to fend for themselves.&#8221;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"334\" data-attachment-id=\"3161\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/miniature_powerstrip\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/miniature_powerstrip.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"500,334\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"miniature_powerstrip\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/miniature_powerstrip.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/miniature_powerstrip.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/miniature_powerstrip.jpg 500w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/miniature_powerstrip-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Unattributed artist in Kyoto University of Art and Design graduate show,&nbsp;miniature power company atop a power strip, 2010<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"359\" data-attachment-id=\"3163\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/evol_cork\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/evol_cork.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"500,359\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"evol_cork\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/evol_cork.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/evol_cork.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/evol_cork.jpg 500w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/evol_cork-300x215.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>EVOL, <strong>Cork<\/strong>, 2006. EVOL transforms electrical boxes, planters, and trash cans into miniature Soviet-style housing blocks<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Concept\"><\/span>Concept<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Develop your concept. You can include, but are not limited to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Research<\/strong>. Discuss your own unique research requirements, one-on-one with your instructor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Conceptual development<\/strong>. A mix of hand sketching, physical model-building, and digital work might characterize this stage. Again, each option presents a unique developmental arc. Some, but not all, projects will need orthogonal reference drawings to import. If you&#8217;re comfortable with Illustrator or a CAD program, you can create reference drawings. However, this can sometimes add too much to the workflow.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Found or made assets<\/strong>. Find or create image maps that can help you construct a world. Equirectangular projection images can create a realistic sky. Panoramic images can create a horizon. Seamless tile maps can develop a convincing material culture.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Place appropriate material (concept art can include image maps, for example) in the Production Folder post. Keeping a list of links for found materials here is helpful. If, for example, you are looking to create a grass surface, don&#8217;t limit yourself to the first seamless tiling material you find. Keep a list of links to a variety of these maps from which you can choose later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, articulate your concept in the first part of a post in your process journal or blog documenting this project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Iteration\"><\/span>Iteration<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The iteration phase of this project is characterized by modeling activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Modeling<\/strong>. In Maya, you will model the environment and its materials, textures, lighting, and movement of a camera through space. Remember the different kinds of modeling (<strong>Volumes and Surfaces<\/strong>, <strong>Composition<\/strong>, <strong>Material<\/strong>, <strong>Light<\/strong>, and <strong>POV<\/strong>) emphasized in this project, as discussed in <strong>parallelUniverses<\/strong>. Generally, you should think of your project as a virtual movie set \u2014 it is easy to over-model and lose time. \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In animation, the <em>depth<\/em> of modeling detail is quite different than it is in photo-real still rendering: avoid micro-beveling unless the camera tracks quite close to an object&#8217;s edge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Remember the new tools you have: a good bump or displacement map is worth a thousand polygons. Use your storyboard and shot designs to determine where the camera will point and model only those things that enter the mise-en-scene. Depending on the complexity of your project, you may need to develop props in scenes and reference them in a master scene.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Time-Savers (maybe)<\/strong>. It sometimes makes little sense to develop a model from scratch if something is available for you to appropriate. But beware: \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Many models come with licensing restrictions on permitted use. It is sometimes but not always easier to make exactly what you want instead of finding it. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Different styles of modeling can look cobbled together: a cartoon chair in a realistic room can be jarring (or interesting). <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You can often find incompatibilities in the complexity of model geometry: keep to low-poly files if in doubt. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Asset_sites\"><\/span>Asset sites<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If you can avoid these pitfalls it makes sense to peruse asset sites, just a few of which include:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.3dtotal.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3D Total<\/a>&nbsp;has many free objects in .3ds and .mb formats.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.turbosquid.com\/Search\/?KEYWORD=Free\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">TurboSquid<\/a>, the largest library of models on the web,\u00a0has free objects in\u00a0<strong>.3ds<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>.obj<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>.mb<\/strong>\u00a0formats.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.greatbuildings.com\/types\/models\/models.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Great Buildings<\/a>&#8230; want the Eiffel Tower? Download it or hundreds of others in&nbsp;<strong>.3dmf<\/strong>&nbsp;format.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sketchup.google.com\/3dwarehouse\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Trimble 3D Warehouse<\/a>\u00a0has many of the same (and more) building models that can be downloaded as a\u00a0<strong>.skp<\/strong>\u00a0(SketchUp) file. From\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sketchup.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SketchUp<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0(a free download) you can export to\u00a0<strong>.dae<\/strong>\u00a0format and then bring it into\u00a0<strong>Meshlab<\/strong>\u00a0(see below) for conversion into Maya.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hongkiat.com\/blog\/60-excellent-free-3d-model-websites\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hongkiat<\/a>&nbsp;has published a post with many of these sites and about 50+ others.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/codenautics.com\/meshwork\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Meshwork<\/a>&nbsp;(with&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/sourceforge.net\/projects\/quesa\/files\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Quesa<\/a>&nbsp;installed in&nbsp;<strong>System&gt;Library&gt;CFM Support<\/strong>) for Mac will convert&nbsp;<strong>.3dmf<\/strong>&nbsp;files to&nbsp;<strong>.3ds<\/strong>, which can be taken to&nbsp;<strong>MeshLab<\/strong>&#8230;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Note:\u00a0This is the Library folder located at the root level (under the System folder), not the Library in your Users folder. You will not be able to do this on a networked machine in the lab, but you can do it on a personal laptop.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/meshlab.sourceforge.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MeshLab<\/a>&nbsp;is an open-source freeware that can convert many files\u2014<strong>.3ds<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>.stl<\/strong>, and others not compatible with Maya\u2014into a Maya-readable&nbsp;<strong>.obj<\/strong>&nbsp;file.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/slicer-and-meshmixer\">Meshmixer<\/a> is free software that does the same: download it from the link.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For props, furniture, and small objects, turn to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Thingiverse<\/a> but be careful: the models are crowd-sourced and quality is a mixed bag.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Again, keep a list of your explorations for assets in the Production Folder post for reference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In your project post, describe your iterations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Synthesis\"><\/span>Synthesis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, we know that you integrate this project with the next one. But for demonstration of synthesis within this project, consider embedding any of the following in the final portion of your project post:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Still image renderings at high-definition resolution (1920 X 1080).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Renderings of props or referenced objects.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Screen captures in the software, which might reveal structural decisions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A playblast that might quickly illustrate camera motion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>3D modeling 4 | environments possible world I Create a possible world By drawing a slightly different image in front of each eye, the image can be made three-dimensional. By changing the image seventy-two times a second, it can be made to move. By drawing the moving three-dimensional image at a resolution of 2K pixels&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/\">read more &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3d-modeling","category-artwork"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Possible World I: environment - newMediaWiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Possible World I: Environment: Through representation or invention, creation or reaction, develop an environment model in Maya.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/possible-world-i-environment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Possible World I: environment - 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