{"id":2915,"date":"2023-08-18T11:00:18","date_gmt":"2023-08-18T11:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/?p=2915"},"modified":"2025-08-07T11:50:30","modified_gmt":"2025-08-07T11:50:30","slug":"booleans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/","title":{"rendered":"Booleans"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-white-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><br><br><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/nmw\/fabbing\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-attachment-id=\"20\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/nmw\/arthead_loopsm\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/arthead_loopsm.gif\" data-orig-size=\"300,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"arthead_loopsm\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/arthead_loopsm.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/arthead_loopsm.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;width:120px;height:undefinedpx\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/nmw\/fabbing\/\">Fabbing<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default wp-duotone-000000-eeeeee-1\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/3d-plane-to-volume\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"690\" height=\"690\" data-attachment-id=\"332\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/nmw\/fabbing\/donald-judd-untitled1965\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/donald-judd-untitled1965.png\" data-orig-size=\"690,690\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"donald-judd-untitled1965\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/donald-judd-untitled1965.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/donald-judd-untitled1965.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-332\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;width:120px;height:undefinedpx\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/donald-judd-untitled1965.png 690w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/donald-judd-untitled1965-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/donald-judd-untitled1965-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/donald-judd-untitled1965-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 690px) 100vw, 690px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/3d-plane-to-volume\/\">3D | plane &gt; volume<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"330\" height=\"330\" data-attachment-id=\"2045\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/looking-glass\/louise-bourgeois-untitled-with-hand-1989\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"330,330\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2045\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;width:120px;height:undefinedpx\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg 330w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 330px) 100vw, 330px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong>booleans<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/div>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f51acd7a4b6\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f51acd7a4b6\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Surrealism_through_Boolean_operations\" >Surrealism through Boolean operations<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Booleans_revisited\" >Booleans revisited<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Booleans_Meshmixer_vs_Fusion_360\" >Booleans: Meshmixer vs Fusion 360<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Using_Fusion_360_Combine_functions\" >Using Fusion 360 Combine functions<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Importing_and_converting_a_mesh\" >Importing and converting a mesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#%E2%80%9CCopying%E2%80%9D_from_another_Fusion_360_file\" >&#8220;Copying&#8221; from another Fusion 360 file<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Making_an_external_reference\" >Making an external reference<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Bringing_two_meshes_into_one_file\" >Bringing two meshes into one file<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Multiples_of_one_mesh\" >Multiples of one mesh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Surreal_case_studies\" >Surreal case studies<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Louise_Bourgeois_Bunny\" >Louise Bourgeois Bunny<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Support_issues\" >Support issues<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#David_MackRachael_Whiteread_Bunny\" >David Mack\/Rachael Whiteread Bunny<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Support_issues-2\" >Support issues<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Rene_Magritte_Bunny\" >Rene Magritte Bunny<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Support_issues-3\" >Support issues<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Arman_Bunny\" >Arman Bunny<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Support_issues-4\" >Support issues<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Paul_McCarthy_Bunny\" >Paul McCarthy Bunny<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Support_issues-5\" >Support issues<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/#Your_turn\" >Your turn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/myhub.autodesk360.com\/ue2d86514\/g\/projects\/20190928220122026\/data\/dXJuOmFkc2sud2lwcHJvZDpmcy5mb2xkZXI6Y28uV3BJdi1VbzJRb3lyUjJRZHpFNXBkUQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">View the project folder here<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>To see the project folder, you must be a student with a valid email registered as a &#8220;project member.&#8221; If you are not a student in my studio, you can still view the models below.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Surrealism_through_Boolean_operations\"><\/span>Surrealism through Boolean operations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>You&#8217;ve made several 3D models so far. You&#8217;ve created:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A <strong>bike seat<\/strong>, in your video tutorials, learning sculpting model techniques&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In our <strong>Line to Plane<\/strong> project, we created a <strong>Nine Square Grid<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>We created a <strong>Topological Transformation<\/strong> through slicing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Mesh Mods<\/strong> exercise introduced us to working with a scanner and cleaning a mesh<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mesh Mods<\/strong> also asked us to modify that mesh in a surreal way<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"330\" height=\"330\" data-attachment-id=\"2045\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/looking-glass\/louise-bourgeois-untitled-with-hand-1989\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"330,330\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2045\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg 330w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 330px) 100vw, 330px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Louise Bourgeois&#8230; see more below<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>For this exercise, we won&#8217;t be creating a new model from scratch. Instead, we&#8217;ll learn how to <strong>collage<\/strong> a new model from existing ones by working with <strong>Boolean<\/strong> operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The goal of this manipulation is to create ONE: your choice out of several <strong>Surreal<\/strong> sculptural forms below. Louise Bourgeois&#8217; work at left demonstrates an uncanny sense of figurative entrapment by combining a lifelike arm emerging out of an abstract, egg-like sphere. The smoothness of this odd creature creates a contrast with the craggy base, the whole being sculpted through subtraction out of marble. If we were to model this form digitally, we might turn to Boolean operations to create it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Booleans_revisited\"><\/span>Booleans revisited<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Boolean operations<\/strong> are named for George Boole, a mathematician and logician who developed rules for combination logic that have applications in fields ranging from algebra to set theory to 3D modeling. At right is a study of Boolean operations in modeling from Antti Lehtinen at <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20111211195947\/http:\/\/knol.google.com\/k\/3d-graphics#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Knol<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"332\" height=\"336\" data-attachment-id=\"2919\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/4925896873_5193f53083\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4925896873_5193f53083.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"332,336\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"4925896873_5193f53083\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4925896873_5193f53083.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4925896873_5193f53083.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2919\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4925896873_5193f53083.jpg 332w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4925896873_5193f53083-296x300.jpg 296w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4925896873_5193f53083-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4925896873_5193f53083-300x304.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Illustration by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20111211195947\/http:\/\/knol.google.com\/k\/3d-graphics#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Antti Lehtinen<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Boolean operations make complex combinations out of simpler forms. There are three Boolean functions in modeling:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Union<\/strong> (also known as <strong>Join<\/strong>), a combination equivalent to a logical <strong><strong>both\/and<\/strong><\/strong> state (this <strong>and<\/strong> that)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Intersection<\/strong>, a combination equivalent to&nbsp;a logical <strong>or<\/strong> state (this <strong>or<\/strong> that)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Subtraction<\/strong> (also known as <strong>Cut<\/strong> or <strong>Difference<\/strong>), equivalent to a logical <strong>not<\/strong> state (this, <strong>not<\/strong> that)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These three functions generate <em>four<\/em> outcomes, depending on the order of the Subtraction function. Clockwise from top left:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Union<\/strong> of cube and sphere (total volume belonging to cube or sphere together)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Intersection<\/strong> of cube and sphere (volume belonging exclusively to both cube and sphere)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Subtraction<\/strong> of sphere from cube (volume belonging to sphere but not cube)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Subtraction<\/strong> of cube from sphere (volume belonging to cube but not sphere)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If we were to identify the Boolean operation that could generate the arm-sphere complex in the Bourgeois sculpture above, we might conclude it was created through a <strong>Union<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Booleans_Meshmixer_vs_Fusion_360\"><\/span><strong>Booleans: Meshmixer vs Fusion 360<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Booleans can be created in both Meshmixer and Fusion 360. In Meshmixer, selecting two objects in the <strong>Object Browser<\/strong> automatically brings up the <strong>Edit<\/strong> menu with <strong>Boolean Union<\/strong>, <strong>Boolean Intersection<\/strong>, and <strong>Boolean Difference<\/strong> in the dropout list. These are so easy to do they don&#8217;t merit a workflow outline, and it&#8217;s fun just to get in and play with them on your own. However, it&#8217;s good to know that the order of selection in the Object Browser determines which side of a Boolean Difference mesh gets preserved.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"616\" data-attachment-id=\"2921\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/meshmixer_boolean\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/meshmixer_boolean.png\" data-orig-size=\"1661,999\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"meshmixer_boolean\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/meshmixer_boolean-1024x616.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/meshmixer_boolean-1024x616.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2921\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/meshmixer_boolean-1024x616.png 1024w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/meshmixer_boolean-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/meshmixer_boolean-768x462.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/meshmixer_boolean-1536x924.png 1536w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/meshmixer_boolean.png 1661w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Two spheres selected at once brings up the Boolean options in Meshmixer<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>So if Booleans are so easy in Meshmixer, why bother in Fusion 360, where we know it will be more time-consuming?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For starters, Meshmixer is a mesh editor, not a modeling program, and many of the functions you might want to perform on a post-Boolean solid are not available there. But perhaps the biggest argument in favor of Fusion 360, despite its baffling hierarchies, is the quality it delivers when creating complex polygon Booleans. In Meshmixer, we often see a baffling loss of fidelity at the edges of the Boolean, due to mesh complexity. Fusion handles this algorithmically in a manner that does not create unexpectedly ragged edges at the Boolean joint. It&#8217;s not to say you can&#8217;t get clean Boolean results in Meshmixer\u2014it&#8217;s simply to say the results in complex mesh forms or high poly counts will disappoint more often than not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We just have to get used to how Fusion 360 labels Booleans. Unlike almost every other modeling program out there (including Meshmixer), it doesn&#8217;t use the common nomenclature. Instead, Fusion calls Boolean functions <strong>Combine<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Using_Fusion_360_Combine_functions\"><\/span>Using Fusion 360 Combine functions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Open and log into Fusion 360, and open your <strong>Data Panel<\/strong> to see the list of <strong>Projects<\/strong>&nbsp;(which, remember, are analogous to folders on your hard drive). If you are used to conventional strategies for combining meshes among 2 or more model files, such as importing and exporting, copying and pasting, or referencing, Fusion 360 will come across as counter-intuitive. That&#8217;s because it&#8217;s a cloud-based program in which you don&#8217;t have access to normal local drive-based functionality. That said, it is easy, but certainly not intuitive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s review the several ways this can be performed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Importing_and_converting_a_mesh\"><\/span>Importing and converting a mesh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first step imports a mesh object from your hard drive into a new Fusion 360 file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In the <strong>Design <\/strong>workspace and <strong>Solid<\/strong> toolbar, look for<strong> Insert &gt; Insert Mesh<\/strong>. This opens a navigation window where you search for and open the mesh file, which is typically an OBJ or STL file. Note: Fusion 360 will choke on a mesh larger than 10,000 faces, so use Meshmixer to reduce the mesh beforehand if needed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Be mindful of units in the<strong> Insert Mesh<\/strong> dialog box, choosing inches or millimeters to suit, for example.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rotate and\/or move the inserted mesh to suit and hit OK. Notice the mesh is a funny pink, and note its name. This is not an editable thing yet! But <strong>Save<\/strong> the file with a name at this point.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Click the <strong>Mesh<\/strong> tab in the toolbar.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the mesh body and click <strong>OK<\/strong>. This converts the un-editable mesh into an editable <strong>Solid<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If this gives you trouble, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/support\/technical\/article\/caas\/sfdcarticles\/sfdcarticles\/How-to-Convert-a-Mesh-to-a-BRep-in-Fusion-360.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">follow the workflow at this link<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CCopying%E2%80%9D_from_another_Fusion_360_file\"><\/span>&#8220;Copying&#8221; from another Fusion 360 file<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It is possible to open one Fusion 360 file, select a Body from the Browser, and copy it.&nbsp;<em>Don&#8217;t be confused by the presence of the Move\/Copy option in the dropout menu<\/em>. Look down a bit farther and you&#8217;ll see Copy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Open a new Fusion 360 file, and it&#8217;s easy to Paste that Body into it.&nbsp;You can add fillets, shell a body, scale, and all the ordinary Modify functions in the Solid toolbar. However, you&#8217;ll never get access to the &#8220;Edit Feature&#8221; functions that allow you to enter the Form workspace and move vertices, edges, and faces. You are ONLY privileged to do this in the original file, no matter what.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Making_an_external_reference\"><\/span>Making an external reference<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Externally referenced files are great if you update a model and you want that update reflected in a model your mesh is &#8220;copied&#8221; to. This can save time but it gets tricky to remember what exists and where without good file naming protocols. To create an external reference, don&#8217;t copy the &#8220;normal&#8221; way:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In an existing Project, look for an existing model. Right-click on the file listed in the Project panel (NOT the model in the viewport) and in the dropdown select <strong>Copy<\/strong>. In the dialog box that opens, navigate to the Project where your new file is and copy the file to it by pressing the <strong>Copy button<\/strong> in the dialog.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open your new file. In the Project panel, Right-click on the model file you copied from the first step, and in the dropdown select <strong>Insert into Current Design.<\/strong>&nbsp;This effectively copies the contents of that file into the active file.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Notice the <strong>chain icon<\/strong> next to the name of the new Browser folder created in the last step. This indicates the external reference.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RtClick on the name and in the dropdown select <strong>Break Link<\/strong> if you no longer need the reference. This will allow you to edit this body without having to do so in an external reference.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bringing_two_meshes_into_one_file\"><\/span>Bringing two meshes into one file<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Repeat the workflow above with a second external reference, and you have brought two meshes from two different files into one new file. Break the links, and you can start to play around with the Combine functions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Move the body or bodies in the new design so they intersect if they don&#8217;t already. Find a logical but surreal relationship between the bodies. Move and rotate, but also <strong>Modify &gt; Scale<\/strong> if necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the case study illustrated here, we wanted to create a surreal state for a common teapot. What to add? We chose the shoe sample you may remember from the Topological Transformation project, modified here with a nice leather material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"650\" data-attachment-id=\"2922\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/utah_teapot_2020\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/utah_teapot_2020.png\" data-orig-size=\"650,650\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"utah_teapot_2020\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/utah_teapot_2020.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/utah_teapot_2020.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2922\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/utah_teapot_2020.png 650w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/utah_teapot_2020-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/utah_teapot_2020-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/utah_teapot_2020-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><strong>Teapot<\/strong>, referenced from the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.computerhistory.org\/revolution\/computer-graphics-music-and-art\/15\/206\/556\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Utah Teapot<\/a><\/strong> dataset by Martin Newell<\/em>. <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/a360.co\/2J5KqyV\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Visit the model here \u00bb<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"650\" data-attachment-id=\"2923\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/shoe\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/shoe.png\" data-orig-size=\"650,650\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"shoe\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/shoe.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/shoe.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2923\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/shoe.png 650w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/shoe-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/shoe-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/shoe-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><strong>Leather shoe<\/strong><\/em>. <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/a360.co\/2OWHcjn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Visit the model here \u00bb<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>We decided to make a duplicate of the shoe file and mirror it to get a left and right shoe. Then, we insert both into the teapot design file. We angle the two shoes to look like a casual foot position, then scale and move the pot to look like the shoes emerge from the bottom. The results are seen here.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-attachment-id=\"2924\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/walking_teapot\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/walking_teapot.png\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"walking_teapot\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/walking_teapot-1024x576.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/walking_teapot-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2924\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/walking_teapot-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/walking_teapot-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/walking_teapot-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/walking_teapot-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/walking_teapot.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>A surreal anthropomorphized walking teapot<\/em>. <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/a360.co\/2nuwW9q\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Visit the final model here \u00bb<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>We use a <strong>Combine &gt; Join<\/strong> to create a unified Body that will print as a watertight mesh. In the rendering, it still looks like separate objects because we applied unique materials to different faces of the solid. Visit the model link, though, and you&#8217;ll see how it&#8217;s structured.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mypsu5858.autodesk360.com\/shares\/public\/SH286ddQT78850c0d8a4e2a01f41fc4fe429?mode=embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"480\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\"  frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Model by the author<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Multiples_of_one_mesh\"><\/span>Multiples of one mesh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Don&#8217;t have another file? Using one file and duplicating the body, then performing Booleans, is another sure route to Surrealism. Below is a demented double teapot, created by simply duplicating the teapot body, then rotating and moving into place, and performing a <strong>Combine &gt; Join<\/strong> operation. Now we&#8217;re seeing double, and this is either a great way to pour two cups of tea at once or make a real mess. Not sure which.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mypsu5858.autodesk360.com\/shares\/public\/SH286ddQT78850c0d8a4a5168efaadcd94ba?mode=embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"480\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\"  frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Model by the author<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Surreal_case_studies\"><\/span>Surreal case studies<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Below are several examples of Boolean operations creating surreal juxtapositions. Take a look at each one, then choose ONE to try for practice before moving on to the final model for the project. In each of these exercises, we took a very high-poly mesh \u2014 the cleaned-up, watertight Stanford Bunny from Mesh Mods, clocking in at 7,000 faces \u2014 and placed it in a context with one or more simple Form-generated primitive solids.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Louise_Bourgeois_Bunny\"><\/span>Louise Bourgeois Bunny<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Louise Bourgeois was an associate of the Surrealists earlier in her career, and she kept that sensibility as her career blossomed in the 1980s. Her sculptures are loaded with autobiographical expressionism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Workflow:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Import a mesh as per <strong>Importing and converting a mesh<\/strong> above. In this case, we picked the Stanford Bunny OBJ we cleaned up in Meshmixer for the Mesh Mods exercise.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the <strong>Design<\/strong> workspace, select <strong>Create Form<\/strong> and make a <strong>Quadball<\/strong> (similar to a sphere but without troublesome polar coordinates, making for a better Boolean operation).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transform<\/strong> (<strong>Move<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>Scale<\/strong>) the two Bodies so the Bunny head is just popping out of the ball.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Still in <strong>Design<\/strong>, using the <strong>Solid<\/strong> toolbar, select <strong>Modify &gt; Combine<\/strong> and use <strong>Join<\/strong> in the dropout.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To add one more element to better emulate the Bourgeois scheme, go to <strong>Create Form &gt; Box<\/strong> and roughen it up by applying <strong>Modify &gt; Crease<\/strong> to random edges, then move random points and edges on each face. This suggests a rough block of stone in contrast to the smoothly &#8220;carved&#8221; Boolean. Move and scale these to a position that suggests the Bourgeois scheme, illustrated by the rendering and model embedded below.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"330\" height=\"330\" data-attachment-id=\"2045\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/looking-glass\/louise-bourgeois-untitled-with-hand-1989\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"330,330\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2045\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989.jpg 330w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Louise-Bourgeois-Untitled-With-Hand-1989-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 330px) 100vw, 330px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><em>Louise Bourgeois, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.moma.org\/s\/lb\/collection_lb\/compositions\/compositions_id-4454_sov.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Untitled (With Hand)<\/a><\/strong>, 1989<\/em><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-attachment-id=\"2926\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/bourgeois_bunny\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bourgeois_bunny.png\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"bourgeois_bunny\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bourgeois_bunny-1024x576.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bourgeois_bunny-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2926\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bourgeois_bunny-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bourgeois_bunny-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bourgeois_bunny-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bourgeois_bunny-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bourgeois_bunny.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Stanford Bunny under the spell of Louise Bourgeois<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Support_issues\"><\/span>Support issues<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Potential liabilities with this configuration include lots of hard-to-clean support near the intersection of the sphere and the rougher solid. This can be avoided by making the model in two parts and gluing them together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mypsu5858.autodesk360.com\/shares\/public\/SH286ddQT78850c0d8a4a61027dd6045ad19?mode=embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"480\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\"  frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bourgeois Bunny, model by the author<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"David_MackRachael_Whiteread_Bunny\"><\/span>David Mack\/Rachael Whiteread Bunny<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>David Mack is a digital artist who models surreal optical illusions such as the hollow face that wavers back and forth between popping out and receding back in the image at left. Rachael Whiteread is a British artist who also plays with inverting form by making gigantic molds of architectural spaces. Though not directly tied to the Surrealist movement in art, both artists play with inversion of mass and void to very surreal, albeit different, effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Workflow:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Import a mesh as per <strong>Importing and converting a mesh<\/strong> above. Again, we base ours on the Stanford Bunny OBJ.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the<strong> Design<\/strong> workspace, select <strong>Create Form<\/strong> and make a <strong>Box<\/strong>, making sure to <strong>Modify &gt; Crease<\/strong> all corners.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transform<\/strong>&nbsp;(<strong>Move<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>Scale<\/strong>) the two Bodies so the Bunny head is intersecting the Box.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Still in <strong>Design<\/strong>, using the <strong>Solid<\/strong> toolbar, select <strong>Modify &gt; Combine<\/strong> and use <strong>Intersect<\/strong>in the dropout.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Duplicate the new Body this created so you have two partial Bunnies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Make a second Box that can sponsor both Bunny Bodies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transform<\/strong> (<strong>Move<\/strong> and then <strong>Rotate<\/strong> 180 degrees) one Bunny Body so it intersects inside the box Body, with just enough sitting outside to intersect with the box face.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transform<\/strong>&nbsp;(<strong>Move<\/strong>) the other Bunny so it sits right outside the box, with just enough inside to intersect the box face.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the interior Bunny and the box, and still in <strong>Design<\/strong>, using the <strong>Solid<\/strong> toolbar, select  <strong>Modify &gt; Combine<\/strong> and use <strong>Cut<\/strong> in the dropout. The &#8220;negative&#8221; shape is created.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the remaining Bunny and the box, select <strong>Modify &gt; Combine<\/strong>, and use <strong>Join<\/strong> in the dropout. The &#8220;positive&#8221; shape is created next to the &#8220;negative.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This creates illusions similar to the face model above, seen in the rendering and the model embedded below.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"452\" data-attachment-id=\"2927\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/b1gj-fykqmrv6459084\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/B1GJ-fykqmrv6459084.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"640,452\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"B1GJ-fykqmrv6459084\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/B1GJ-fykqmrv6459084.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/B1GJ-fykqmrv6459084.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2927\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/B1GJ-fykqmrv6459084.jpg 640w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/B1GJ-fykqmrv6459084-300x212.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>David Mack, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fineartamerica.com\/featured\/3-hollow-face-illusionartwork-david-mack.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hollow-face Illusion, artwork<\/a><\/strong>, 2013<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"407\" height=\"500\" data-attachment-id=\"2928\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/4944893412_16c89d90a6\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4944893412_16c89d90a6.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"407,500\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"4944893412_16c89d90a6\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4944893412_16c89d90a6.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4944893412_16c89d90a6.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2928\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4944893412_16c89d90a6.jpg 407w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4944893412_16c89d90a6-244x300.jpg 244w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4944893412_16c89d90a6-300x369.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 407px) 100vw, 407px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Rachel Whiteread, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tate.org.uk\/art\/artworks\/whiteread-untitled-stairs-t07939\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Untitled (Stairs)<\/a><\/strong>, 2001<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-attachment-id=\"2929\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/mack-whiteread_bunny\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mack-whiteread_bunny.png\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"mack-whiteread_bunny\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mack-whiteread_bunny-1024x576.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mack-whiteread_bunny-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2929\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mack-whiteread_bunny-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mack-whiteread_bunny-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mack-whiteread_bunny-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mack-whiteread_bunny-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mack-whiteread_bunny.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Hollow-face bunny&#8230;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Support_issues-2\"><\/span>Support issues<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>To avoid being overrun with supports on the interior, which may be impossible to clean, print a model like this with the front rotated to the top.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mypsu5858.autodesk360.com\/shares\/public\/SH286ddQT78850c0d8a448e27c11b6bc3289?mode=embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"480\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\"  frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mack-Whiteread Bunny, model by the author<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rene_Magritte_Bunny\"><\/span>Rene Magritte Bunny<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Rene Magritte is better known for his disturbing, philosophical Surrealist paintings, but he explored sculpture late in his career. His figurative style lends itself well to a series of sculptures based on motifs found in his 2D work. The work at right generates a&nbsp;strange, nested-doll phenomenon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Workflow:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Import a mesh as per <strong>Importing and converting a mesh<\/strong> above. Again, this stars our friend, the Stanford Bunny OBJ.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the <strong>Design<\/strong> workspace, select <strong>Create Form<\/strong> and make a <strong>Plane<\/strong> large enough to surround the entire Bunny Body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transform<\/strong>&nbsp;(<strong>Move<\/strong>) the two Bodies so the Bunny is intersected by the Plane about a third of the Bunny&#8217;s height.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Still in <strong>Design<\/strong>, using the <strong>Solid<\/strong> toolbar, select <strong>Modify &gt; Split Body<\/strong> and keep both halves. The Bunny Body is now two Bodies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Repeat the slicing process by making another Plane and slicing somewhere below the Bunny&#8217;s ears. This creates a third Bunny Body.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the two highest Bodies in the Browser, and still in Design, use Modify&gt;Scale to reduce these Bodies by about 75%.&nbsp;<em>Hint: Use a Point selected in the Scale dialog, and select any point that is congruent with the edge of the base of the lower Body. This keeps the scaled Bodies coplanar with the lower Body.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Repeat the Scale process, this time with only the highest body selected.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Horizontally <strong>Transform<\/strong>&nbsp;(<strong>Move<\/strong>) the&nbsp;scaled Bodies to position roughly centering each smaller Body in the Body below it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Still in <strong>Design<\/strong>, using the <strong>Solid<\/strong> toolbar, select <strong>Modify &gt; Combine<\/strong> and use <strong>Join<\/strong> in the dropout.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The finished result is seen in the rendering at right and the embedded model below.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"939\" data-attachment-id=\"2931\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/5x4ulkrxrfe2lovhjun4iqvjei\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5X4ULKRXRFE2LOVHJUN4IQVJEI.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"800,939\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"5X4ULKRXRFE2LOVHJUN4IQVJEI\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5X4ULKRXRFE2LOVHJUN4IQVJEI.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5X4ULKRXRFE2LOVHJUN4IQVJEI.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2931\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5X4ULKRXRFE2LOVHJUN4IQVJEI.jpg 800w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5X4ULKRXRFE2LOVHJUN4IQVJEI-256x300.jpg 256w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5X4ULKRXRFE2LOVHJUN4IQVJEI-768x901.jpg 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/5X4ULKRXRFE2LOVHJUN4IQVJEI-300x352.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Rene Magritte, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.baltimoresun.com\/entertainment\/arts\/bs-ae-bma-magritte-20150226-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Delusions of Grandeur<\/a><\/strong>, 1967<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-attachment-id=\"2932\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/magrritte_bunny\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/magrritte_bunny.png\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"magrritte_bunny\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/magrritte_bunny-1024x576.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/magrritte_bunny-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2932\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/magrritte_bunny-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/magrritte_bunny-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/magrritte_bunny-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/magrritte_bunny-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/magrritte_bunny.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Delusions of bunnies&#8230;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Support_issues-3\"><\/span>Support issues<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The potential liability of this model includes lots of hard-to-clean supports. This could be mitigated by printing the actual slices as separate bodies instead of using Combine to join them (the Boolean would only remain as a conceptual device and not an actual modeling step!).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mypsu5858.autodesk360.com\/shares\/public\/SH286ddQT78850c0d8a4c47b2e896f1be077?mode=embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"480\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\"  frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Magritte Bunny, model by the author<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Arman_Bunny\"><\/span>Arman Bunny<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Arman is best known for his &#8220;accumulation&#8221; works, stacks of objects welded or otherwise joined together, often at a gigantic scale (he once &#8220;accumulated&#8221; over 80 military tanks for a monument in Lebanon). Later he took an opposite, destruction and recomposition approach to existing objects. We see the latter in the work at right.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Workflow:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Import a mesh as per <strong>Importing and converting a mesh<\/strong> above. Again, we use the Stanford Bunny OBJ.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the <strong>Design<\/strong> workspace, select <strong>Create Form<\/strong> and make a <strong>Plane<\/strong> large enough to vertically surround the entire Bunny Body. We created the Plane from a Right ortho view in the XY coordinate plane.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transform<\/strong> (<strong>Move<\/strong> and <strong>Rotate<\/strong>) the two Bodies&nbsp;so they intersect. In this case, we Rotated the Plane to be roughly parallel to the axis of the Bunny&#8217;s face.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the Plane Body in the <strong>Browser<\/strong>, Right-click, and select <strong>Move\/Copy<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>We do this several times until we have a good quantity of equally spaced parallel Plane Bodies.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the first Plane&nbsp;Body and the Bunny Body, and still in <strong>Design<\/strong>, using the <strong>Solid<\/strong> toolbar, select <strong>Modify &gt; Split Body<\/strong> and keep both halves. The Bunny Body is now two Bodies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Repeat the <strong>Split Body<\/strong> for each Plane and unsliced portion of the Bunny.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the <strong>Browser<\/strong>, select every other Bunny Body.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Horizontally <strong>Transform<\/strong>&nbsp;(<strong>Move<\/strong>) the Bodies so that they are visibly offset from the original position, but not so far that they detach from the stationary Bodies (in other words, no &#8220;floating&#8221; slices!).&nbsp;<em>Hint: Use the Point-to-Point option, selecting two points congruent with a sliced plane.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Still in <strong>Design<\/strong>, using the <strong>Solid<\/strong> toolbar, select <strong>Modify &gt; Combine<\/strong> and use <strong>Join<\/strong> in the dropout.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Our final result is seen in the rendering at right and the model embedded below.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1024\" data-attachment-id=\"2934\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/https___hirshhorn-si_-edu_dynamic_collection_images_full_87-10a-jpg\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/https___hirshhorn.si_.edu_dynamic_collection_images_full_87.10a.jpg.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"800,1024\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"https___hirshhorn.si_.edu_dynamic_collection_images_full_87.10a.jpg\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/https___hirshhorn.si_.edu_dynamic_collection_images_full_87.10a.jpg.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/https___hirshhorn.si_.edu_dynamic_collection_images_full_87.10a.jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2934\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/https___hirshhorn.si_.edu_dynamic_collection_images_full_87.10a.jpg.jpg 800w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/https___hirshhorn.si_.edu_dynamic_collection_images_full_87.10a.jpg-234x300.jpg 234w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/https___hirshhorn.si_.edu_dynamic_collection_images_full_87.10a.jpg-768x983.jpg 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/https___hirshhorn.si_.edu_dynamic_collection_images_full_87.10a.jpg-300x384.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Arman, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/hirshhorn.si.edu\/explore\/collection-works-on-view\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eros, Inside Eros<\/a><\/strong>, 1986<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-attachment-id=\"2935\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/arman_bunny\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/arman_bunny.png\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"arman_bunny\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/arman_bunny-1024x576.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/arman_bunny-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2935\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/arman_bunny-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/arman_bunny-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/arman_bunny-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/arman_bunny-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/arman_bunny.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Bunny, inside bunny&#8230;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Support_issues-4\"><\/span>Support issues<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>There is surprisingly little support liability in this particular configuration, but the slicing could lead to big cleanup issues in another direction or orientation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mypsu5858.autodesk360.com\/shares\/public\/SH286ddQT78850c0d8a4aee2e1adb4bbb5ca?mode=embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"480\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\"  frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Arman Bunny, model by the author<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Paul_McCarthy_Bunny\"><\/span>Paul McCarthy Bunny<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>McCarthy&#8217;s work often borders on the abject or the obscene, at the same time it exhibits an almost childlike sense of play. The cognitive dissonance between the two often leads to a surreal disorientation for audiences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Workflow:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Import a mesh as per <strong>Importing and converting a mesh<\/strong> above. You guessed it: we use the Stanford Bunny OBJ a final time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In <strong>Design<\/strong> workspace, select <strong>Create Form<\/strong> and make a set of Bodies, including:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A <strong>Quadball<\/strong> represents the large eyes. We duplicate this once.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>Cylinder<\/strong> represents an aluminum can. Remember, Cylinders are not watertight, so we need to select the top and bottom edges, go to <strong>Modify &gt; Fill Hole<\/strong>, and select<strong> Collapse<\/strong>, <strong>Weld Center Vertices<\/strong>, and <strong>Maintain Crease Edges<\/strong>. We <strong>Move\/Copy<\/strong> to create several cans.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Another <strong>Cylinder<\/strong> representing the white container &#8220;hat&#8221; incorporates a fillet created in the <strong>Design<\/strong> workspace under <strong>Modify &gt; Fillet<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A third element is a large cone, and Fusion does not create a cone as a primitive under <strong>Form<\/strong>. So ours is derivative of a <strong>Cylinder<\/strong>, and one way to do this is:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Create a <strong>Cylinder<\/strong>, with a <strong>Height Faces<\/strong> value of 1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the top <strong>Edge<\/strong>, and RtClick to select <strong>Edit Form<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scale the edge until the diameter value is 0.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the bottom <strong>Edge<\/strong> and fill the hole as above.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transform<\/strong> (<strong>Move<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>Scale,<\/strong> and Rotate) the various Bodies&nbsp;so they intersect&nbsp;appropriately with the Bunny Body. This can be tricky: observe the Transform from various views to ensure proper orientation, and inspect to see if there is adequate intersection between each element.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select all Bodies in the <strong>Browser<\/strong>, and in <strong>Design<\/strong>, using the <strong>Solid<\/strong> toolbar, select <strong>Modify&gt;Combine<\/strong> and use <strong>Join<\/strong> in the dropout.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In the final result, we emphasize unique materials by rendering in the&nbsp;<strong>Render<\/strong>&nbsp;workspace, which we can see at left and in the model embed below.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"915\" height=\"1024\" data-attachment-id=\"2046\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/looking-glass\/paul-mccarthy-maquette-for-daddies-bighead-2002\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Paul-McCarthy-maquette-for-Daddies-Bighead-2002.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"915,1024\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Paul-McCarthy-maquette-for-Daddies-Bighead-2002\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Paul-McCarthy-maquette-for-Daddies-Bighead-2002.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Paul-McCarthy-maquette-for-Daddies-Bighead-2002.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2046\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Paul-McCarthy-maquette-for-Daddies-Bighead-2002.jpg 915w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Paul-McCarthy-maquette-for-Daddies-Bighead-2002-268x300.jpg 268w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Paul-McCarthy-maquette-for-Daddies-Bighead-2002-768x859.jpg 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Paul-McCarthy-maquette-for-Daddies-Bighead-2002-300x336.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 915px) 100vw, 915px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Paul McCarthy, maquette for <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/13166455@N05\/3270159006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Daddies Bighead<\/a><\/strong>, 2002<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-attachment-id=\"2937\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/mccarthy_bunny\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mccarthy_bunny.png\" data-orig-size=\"1920,1080\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"mccarthy_bunny\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mccarthy_bunny-1024x576.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mccarthy_bunny-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2937\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mccarthy_bunny-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mccarthy_bunny-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mccarthy_bunny-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mccarthy_bunny-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mccarthy_bunny.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Bunny&#8217;s bighead&#8230;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Support_issues-5\"><\/span>Support issues<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Depending on the orientation and accumulation of many Bodies, this can result in super tricky support issues. Alternative to avoid supports is a &#8220;fake Boolean,&#8217; where by you duplicate objects to be intersected, and instead of Join, use Cut to create holes where these duplicate Bodies can be inserted with glue. Hint: with balls and cones, you can create terrible keystones (holes angled inward) that can&#8217;t be used, so inspect these carefully if you take this strategy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mypsu5858.autodesk360.com\/shares\/public\/SH286ddQT78850c0d8a4e5c5466d0588b8d6?mode=embed\" width=\"100%\" height=\"480\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\"  frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p><em>McCarthy Bunny, model by the author<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Your_turn\"><\/span>Your turn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Using a clean, watertight version of the scan you created for the <strong>Mesh Mods<\/strong> exercise, emulate ONE of the case studies you explored above. You may tweak the illustrated workflows to suit your particular model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When finished, embed the Fusion 360 model in your blog or process journal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fabbing 3D | plane &gt; volume booleans View the project folder here To see the project folder, you must be a student with a valid email registered as a &#8220;project member.&#8221; If you are not a student in my studio, you can still view the models below. Surrealism through Boolean operations You&#8217;ve made several 3D&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/\">read more &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exercises","category-fabbing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Booleans - newMediaWiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Booleans: using Boolean operations to create surreal combinations of one or more meshes, with 5 case studies inspired by 6 artists.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/booleans\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Booleans - 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