{"id":1134,"date":"2023-07-24T02:01:48","date_gmt":"2023-07-24T02:01:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/?p=1134"},"modified":"2024-01-09T18:43:44","modified_gmt":"2024-01-09T18:43:44","slug":"type-drawing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/","title":{"rendered":"Type drawing"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-white-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/13-ways\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"905\" height=\"904\" data-attachment-id=\"72\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/nmw\/2d-digital-art\/thirteenways\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/thirteenWays.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"905,904\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"thirteenWays\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/thirteenWays.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/thirteenWays.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-72\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:contain;width:120px;height:undefinedpx\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/thirteenWays.jpg 905w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/thirteenWays-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/thirteenWays-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/thirteenWays-768x767.jpg 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/thirteenWays-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 905px) 100vw, 905px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/newmediawiki.pbworks.com\/w\/page\/126444299\/mandala\"><\/a><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/13-ways\/\">2 | 13ways<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/2d-point-to-line\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"480\" data-attachment-id=\"330\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/nmw\/fabbing\/pointtoline\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/pointToLine.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"498,480\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"pointToLine\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/pointToLine.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/pointToLine.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-330\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;width:120px;height:undefinedpx\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/pointToLine.jpg 498w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/pointToLine-300x289.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/2d-point-to-line\/\">2D | point &gt; line<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"161\" height=\"161\" data-attachment-id=\"624\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/13-ways\/typedraw\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/typedraw.gif\" data-orig-size=\"161,161\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"typedraw\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/typedraw.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/typedraw.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-624\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;width:120px;height:undefinedpx\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong>type drawing<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/div>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f1256ad124b\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f1256ad124b\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Drawing_with_type\" >Drawing with type<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Types_of_type\" >Types of type<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Serif\" >Serif<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Sans-serif\" >Sans-serif<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Display\" >Display<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Script\" >Script<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Type_as_image\" >Type as image<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Type_as_code\" >Type as code<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Thinking_with_type\" >Thinking with type<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Exercise_1_Installing_a_font_and_analyzing_the_typeface\" >Exercise 1:  Installing a font and analyzing the typeface<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#1_%E2%80%94_Find_a_font\" >1 \u2014 Find a font<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#2_%E2%80%94_Install_your_font\" >2 \u2014 Install your font<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#3_%E2%80%94_Understand_the_typeface_properties_of_your_font\" >3 \u2014&nbsp;Understand the typeface properties of your font<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Exercise_2_Figure-ground_manipulation_with_Pathfinder\" >Exercise 2: Figure-ground manipulation with Pathfinder<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#1_%E2%80%94_Create_a_new_file_and_create_the_letters\" >1 \u2014 Create a new file and create the letters<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#2_%E2%80%94_Use_Create_Outlines_and_overlap_letters\" >2 \u2014 Use Create Outlines and overlap letters<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#3_%E2%80%94_Use_Pathfinder\" >3 \u2014 Use Pathfinder<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Exercise_3_Your_personal_logotype\" >Exercise 3: Your personal logotype<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Logos_and_logotypes\" >Logos and logotypes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Create_your_logotype\" >Create your logotype<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#1_%E2%80%94_Generate_an_idea\" >1 \u2014 Generate an idea<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#2_%E2%80%94_Create_a_new_file_and_create_the_ground\" >2 \u2014 Create a new file and create the ground<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#3_%E2%80%94_Create_the_figures\" >3 \u2014 Create the figures<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#4_%E2%80%94_Develop_one_of_your_ideas_into_a_composition\" >4 \u2014 Develop one of your ideas into a composition<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#5_%E2%80%94_Use_Pathfinder_to_finish_the_composition\" >5 \u2014 Use Pathfinder to finish the composition<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Video_demo\" >Video demo<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#Exercise_4_Saving_and_sharing\" >Exercise 4: Saving and sharing<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#File_types_and_their_common_uses\" >File types and their common uses<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#1_%E2%80%94_Save_each_file_type\" >1 \u2014 Save each file type<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/#2_%E2%80%94_Embed_and_link_the_files\" >2 \u2014 Embed and link the files<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc.ai_.zip\">Download sample file here<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Drawing_with_type\"><\/span>Drawing with type<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The word <strong>typography<\/strong> means drawing with type. Our Latin alphabet evolved from systems comprised of simple pictures called ideograms, representing intangible ideas, or pictograms, representing objects. While <strong>phonetic<\/strong> alphabets representing sounds evolved in the West, poetically charged ideograms and pictograms persist in Asia. The Chinese character for \u201chuman\u201d looks like a person striding confidently forward, doesn\u2019t it?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" data-attachment-id=\"1139\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/human\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/human.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"250,250\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"human\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/human.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/human.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/human.jpg 250w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/human-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/human-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>The Chinese character for &#8220;human&#8221;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Our Western letterforms have lost their pictorial origins. We are so over-familiar with them, we don\u2019t see this anymore. This exercise will de-familiarize you with letters so that you may approach them as drawings, a classic warm-up exercise in most design courses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_type\"><\/span>Types of type<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Type comes in thousands of font styles, but there are some basic classifications:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 3rem; text-align: center; font-family: Garamond, serif;\">Aa Bb Cc Dd<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Serif\"><\/span>Serif<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Designed in antiquity in response to the technical needs for text inscriptions carved in stone, the extra serif stroke would neaten up the ends of the carved letters. A well-designed serif font aids legibility in body type. Popular serif fonts include <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Times_New_Roman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Times New Roman<\/a><\/strong>,<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Garamond\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Garamond<\/a><\/strong>,<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baskerville\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Baskerville<\/a><\/strong>,<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georgia_(typeface)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Georgia<\/a><\/strong>, and<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Courier_(typeface)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Courier New<\/a><\/strong>. A slab serif font like <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rockwell_(typeface)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rockwell<\/a><\/strong> makes a good headline.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 3rem; text-align: center; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Aa Bb Cc Dd<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sans-serif\"><\/span>Sans-serif<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Often used to convey modernity, these fonts grew in popularity with mass-printed headlines and advertisements a century ago. Some sans-serif fonts are based on simplified serif font proportions, while others take on a more purely geometric form. Examples include <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Arial<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Helvetica\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Helvetica<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marksimonson.com\/fonts\/view\/proxima-nova\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Proxima Nova<\/a><\/strong>, and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Calibri\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Calibri<\/a><\/strong>. The geometric font <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Futura_(typeface)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Futura<\/a><\/strong> was used for the newMediaWiki logo.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 3rem; text-align: center; font-family: Papyrus, Copperplate, Comic Sans, fantasy;\">Aa Bb Cc Dd<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Display\"><\/span>Display<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>AKA <strong>Ornamental<\/strong> or <strong>Decorative <\/strong>or<strong> Fantasy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eye-catching fonts that carry a theme or specific cultural allusion, will often have more eccentric and variable designs than typefaces generally used for body type. Common display fonts include Copperplate, Papyrus, Cooper Black, and Averia. The overuse (some would say <a href=\"https:\/\/comicsanscriminal.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">abuse<\/a>) of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comic_Sans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Comic Sans<\/a><\/strong> has led to aversion among designers (though dyslexic readers find it to be more legible than other fonts).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 3rem; text-align: center; font-family: Brush Script MT, ITC Zapf Chancery, Marker Felt, cursive;\">Aa Bb Cc Dd<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Script\"><\/span>Script<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>AKA <strong>Cursive<\/strong> or <strong>Handwriting<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Based on the letterforms made with calligraphy pens or casual mark-making tools, some script fonts contain varied strokes that suggest handwriting. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brush_Script\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Brush Script<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ITC_Zapf_Chancery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Zapf Chancery<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fontsinuse.com\/typefaces\/31848\/marker-felt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Marker Felt<\/a><\/strong>, and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fonts.google.com\/specimen\/Lobster\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lobster<\/a><\/strong> are examples you&#8217;ll recognize. Calligraphic fonts like <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zapfino\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Zapfino<\/a><\/strong> make use of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ligature_(writing)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ligatures<\/a> (connecting characters) and character variation to emulate hand-drawn letterforms.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The majority of fonts you see on the web and in print are serif or sans-serif.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Type_as_image\"><\/span>Type as image<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Here we have names of common typefaces of the sans-serif and serif varieties. This type is rendered in an image, similar to print. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"653\" data-attachment-id=\"1168\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/font_sample\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/font_sample.png\" data-orig-size=\"1505,960\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"font_sample\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/font_sample-1024x653.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/font_sample-1024x653.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1168\" style=\"width:300px;height:undefinedpx\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/font_sample-1024x653.png 1024w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/font_sample-300x191.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/font_sample-768x490.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/font_sample.png 1505w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Type_as_code\"><\/span>Type as code<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The same in HTML. If you don&#8217;t see identical typefaces, your computer does not have the font and will replace it with a default.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table style=\"width: 280;\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding-left: 25px; width: 50%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 85%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial';\">Arial<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"color: #000000; font-family: inherit; font-size: 75%; font-style: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica;\">Helvetica<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 75%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Tahoma;\">Tahoma<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 85%;\"><span style=\"font-family: Futura;\">Futura<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding-left: 20px; width: 50%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 75%;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Georgia;\">Georgia<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 75%;\"><strong style=\"color: #000000; font-family: inherit; font-size: 115%; font-style: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">Times New Roman<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 75%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Didot;\">Didot<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 75%;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Rockwell;\">Rockwell<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thinking_with_type\"><\/span>Thinking with type<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Read the <strong>Anatomy<\/strong> section of Ellen Lupton&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230203015419\/http:\/\/thinkingwithtype.com\/letter\/#anatomy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Thinking with Type<\/strong><\/a> to understand the basic terminology we&#8217;ll use in the studio when discussing how to use letterforms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exercise_1_Installing_a_font_and_analyzing_the_typeface\"><\/span>Exercise 1:  Installing a font and analyzing the typeface<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%E2%80%94_Find_a_font\"><\/span>1 \u2014 Find a font<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>For your artwork project, you may want to find and install a font your computer doesn&#8217;t have (and yes, in our networked lab, you can <em>temporarily<\/em> install a font). Visit 3 font library sites: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fonts.google.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Google Fonts<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fonts.adobe.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Adobe Fonts<\/a><\/strong>, and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fontsquirrel.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Font Squirrel<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>How are these sites similar and different? Which sites offer free fonts? Can you download fonts? Are there any limits (for example, free but only for non-commercial use)?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>At ONE of these sites, do a font search. Find an example of ONE of each: serif, sans-serif, display, and script font. Your choice should NOT include one of the fonts listed above.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Download ONE <strong>serif<\/strong> OR <strong>sans-serif<\/strong> font for the next part.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%E2%80%94_Install_your_font\"><\/span>2 \u2014 Install your font<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>On a personal machine, use instructions for <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lifewire.com\/install-fonts-in-windows-10-5070779\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Windows 10<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lifewire.com\/install-fonts-in-windows-11-5192443\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Windows 11<\/a><\/strong>, or <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/support.apple.com\/guide\/font-book\/install-and-validate-fonts-fntbk1000\/mac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mac OS<\/a><\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In our networked lab, use instructions for <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/support.apple.com\/guide\/font-book\/install-and-validate-fonts-fntbk1000\/mac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Font Book<\/a><\/strong>. <strong><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Remember: your installation will only last as long as your working session. Keep a copy of your font in your Digital Archive, where you can easily find it to re-install for your next session.<\/mark><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%E2%80%94_Understand_the_typeface_properties_of_your_font\"><\/span>3 \u2014&nbsp;Understand the typeface properties of your font <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Using Ellen Lupton&#8217;s <strong>Anatomy<\/strong> guide, figure out the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Is the <strong>x-height<\/strong> more than half the size of the <strong>cap height<\/strong>?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which <strong>ascenders<\/strong>, if any, extend higher than the <strong>cap height<\/strong>?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Which letters, if any, <strong>overhang<\/strong> the <strong>baseline<\/strong>?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Any outstanding or unusual features? Are there <strong>ligatures<\/strong> or character variants? Unusual <strong>ascenders<\/strong> or <strong>descenders<\/strong>? Is the character proportion <strong>narrow<\/strong>, <strong>condensed<\/strong>, <strong>compressed<\/strong>, <strong>wide<\/strong>, or <strong>extended<\/strong>?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exercise_2_Figure-ground_manipulation_with_Pathfinder\"><\/span>Exercise 2: Figure-ground manipulation with Pathfinder<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<p>This exercise was inspired by a tutorial originally found at the now-defunct <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20141029185356\/http:\/\/vector-art.blogspot.com\/2008\/06\/figure-ground-with-adobe-illustrator_7993.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Vector Art Blog<\/a> and takes advantage of Gestalt by playing with one of my favorite Illustrator palettes. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"531\" height=\"163\" data-attachment-id=\"1179\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/01-figure-ground-vector\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/01-figure-ground-vector.gif\" data-orig-size=\"531,163\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"01-figure-ground-vector\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/01-figure-ground-vector.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/01-figure-ground-vector.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1179\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Recall that<strong> figure-ground<\/strong> is one of the Gestalt principles and is widely used in graphic design, especially in logos. The perceptual factors of Gestalt create visual frames of reference that provide the designer with the psychological basis for the relational organization of graphic elements. By using contrast between elements, figure-ground allows the viewer&#8217;s eye to &#8220;read&#8221; imagery. Figures are positive elements defined by spatial relationships existing among them. The ground becomes the white space, a negative space that completes the visual image.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the pre-digital past, designers had to put a lot of effort into precisely illustrating figure-ground concepts. Illustrator has made the process easier. In this exercise, we will create a simple figure-ground&nbsp;vector. We will overlap letterform elements and create a spatial relationship between them by using the Pathfinder palette. For this warmup example, use the letterforms<strong> V <\/strong>and <strong>A<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%E2%80%94_Create_a_new_file_and_create_the_letters\"><\/span>1 \u2014 Create a new file and create the letters<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open <strong>Illustrator<\/strong> and create a new letter-size document with inches as units. Select <strong>Essentials Classic<\/strong> as your workspace.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the type tool, choose a bold sans-serif typeface at 72 point size, and using black for the fill color, click once to avoid dragging, then type the first letterform V. Deselect this, then with the same tool click once again somewhere else and type the second letterform A.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"288\" data-attachment-id=\"1182\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/02-figure-ground-vector\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02-figure-ground-vector.gif\" data-orig-size=\"550,288\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"02-figure-ground-vector\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02-figure-ground-vector.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02-figure-ground-vector.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1182\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%E2%80%94_Use_Create_Outlines_and_overlap_letters\"><\/span>2 \u2014 Use Create Outlines and overlap letters<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Important step!<\/mark><\/strong> With both letters selected, go to the Menu and select&nbsp;<strong>Type&gt;Create Outlines<\/strong>. This changes the text into geometry we can manipulate with Pathfinder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Using the selection tool select the second letterform (in our case <strong>A<\/strong>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Move the <strong>A<\/strong> over the <strong>V<\/strong> so that parts of the letter-forms overlap.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"359\" data-attachment-id=\"1183\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/03-figure-ground-vector\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/03-figure-ground-vector.gif\" data-orig-size=\"550,359\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"03-figure-ground-vector\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/03-figure-ground-vector.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/03-figure-ground-vector.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1183\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%E2%80%94_Use_Pathfinder\"><\/span>3 \u2014 Use Pathfinder<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open the Pathfinder palette at&nbsp;<strong>Window&gt;Pathfinder<\/strong>&nbsp;or Ctrl+Shift+F9 (PC) or Command+Shift+F9 (Mac).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select both letterforms with the Selection Tool and then click on <strong>Exclude Overlapping Shape Areas<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Note the interesting and unexpected shapes and Figure-Ground inversions that result from Pathfinder!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"273\" data-attachment-id=\"1185\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/04-figure-ground-vector\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/04-figure-ground-vector.gif\" data-orig-size=\"550,273\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"04-figure-ground-vector\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/04-figure-ground-vector.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/04-figure-ground-vector.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1185\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exercise_3_Your_personal_logotype\"><\/span>Exercise 3: Your personal logotype<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Logos_and_logotypes\"><\/span>Logos and logotypes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A major activity in the graphic design world is the creation of effective logos. Logos for leading brands like Nike are instantly recognizable around the world, without even having the word &#8220;Nike&#8221; anywhere near its &#8220;swoosh&#8221; form. Logos like these are known as <strong>iconic<\/strong> logos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For startups (like you), the abstraction of an iconic logo doesn&#8217;t work as well from a recognition standpoint. So we&#8217;ll turn to the <strong>logotype<\/strong>, a distinctive use of letterforms to generate a graphic identity in this exercise. An example of a recognizable logotype is the blue &#8220;F&#8221; that stands for Facebook.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our logotype exercise will be more challenging, as we&#8217;ll be making it using the phenomenon of figure-ground inversion we learned above.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Create_your_logotype\"><\/span>Create your logotype<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%E2%80%94_Generate_an_idea\"><\/span>1 \u2014 Generate an idea<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Select two typefaces. One should be the font you downloaded, and the other will already on your machine. If the font you downloaded was sans-serif, the other font should be serif (or vice-versa). Avoid using a display or script font for the exercise.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use your first name and last name initials, and assign one typeface to each letter. You may switch that assignment as you experiment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In an idea-generating tool like a sketchbook or Jamboard, develop 3 concepts combining the two letterforms to generate a unified image that plays with figure-ground relationships, scale, and defamiliarizing the original identity of the letter. Look at general geometry, patterning, and contrast in the letters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%E2%80%94_Create_a_new_file_and_create_the_ground\"><\/span>2 \u2014 Create a new file and create the ground<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open <strong>Illustrator<\/strong> and create a new letter-size document with inches as units. Select <strong>Essentials Classic<\/strong> as your workspace.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Create a 3\u201d square with a 0.5 point black stroke and white fill (the stroke is just so you can see: we&#8217;ll eliminate it later).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open the dropout menu at the upper right-hand corner of the&nbsp;Align Palette&nbsp;and select&nbsp;Show Options. In the options area that opens up in the lower right-hand corner, select&nbsp;<strong>Align to Artboard<\/strong>. Select your square and place it using&nbsp;<strong>Horizontal<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>Vertical Align Center<\/strong>. Go back to the options area and select&nbsp;<strong>Align to Selection<\/strong>. Lock this layer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This becomes your&nbsp;<strong>ground<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"870\" data-attachment-id=\"1188\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/dwt01\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt01.png\" data-orig-size=\"870,870\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"dwt01\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt01.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt01.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1188\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt01.png 870w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt01-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt01-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt01-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt01-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%E2%80%94_Create_the_figures\"><\/span>3 \u2014 Create the figures<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Generate the initial letterforms on a new layer, Layer 2. In the downloadable sample file, this starts with a capital W at 200 points using <strong>Bitstream Vera Serif Bold<\/strong>, and a capital C at 200 points using <strong>Futura<\/strong>, both with black fill and no stroke. You&#8217;ll use your own letters and fonts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apply  <strong>Text&gt;Create Outlines<\/strong> to turn the letterforms into geometry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"870\" data-attachment-id=\"1190\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/dwt02\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt02.png\" data-orig-size=\"870,870\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"dwt02\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt02.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt02.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1190\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt02.png 870w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt02-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt02-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt02-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt02-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%E2%80%94_Develop_one_of_your_ideas_into_a_composition\"><\/span>4 \u2014 Develop one of your ideas into a composition<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Figure-ground relationships are especially engaging when they are ambiguous, so to achieve this, scale and\/or rotate one letter to touch or overlap at least 3 of the edges of the 3\u201d square. <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>Do NOT distort the proportions of the letterforms in any way (i.e. no skewing, changing aspect ratio, etc.).<\/strong><\/mark> Respect the design of your chosen font. If you want wider or more narrow letters, select a different font that is designed as such!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"870\" data-attachment-id=\"1192\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/dwt03\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt03.png\" data-orig-size=\"870,870\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"dwt03\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt03.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt03.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt03.png 870w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt03-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt03-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt03-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt03-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Move the second letter into place, also scaling and\/or rotating. Pay attention to the <strong>negative spaces<\/strong> this will passively create.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"870\" data-attachment-id=\"1193\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/dwt04\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt04.png\" data-orig-size=\"870,870\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"dwt04\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt04.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt04.png 870w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt04-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt04-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt04-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt04-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%E2%80%94_Use_Pathfinder_to_finish_the_composition\"><\/span>5 \u2014 Use Pathfinder to finish the composition<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Select the white square ground and the two black letterform figures, and using the <strong>Pathfinder<\/strong>, apply <strong>Exclude<\/strong>. This creates overlapping shapes, as well as a Figure-Ground inversion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"870\" data-attachment-id=\"1194\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/dwt05\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt05.png\" data-orig-size=\"870,870\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"dwt05\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt05.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt05.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt05.png 870w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt05-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt05-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt05-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt05-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>As a final step, delete any overlapping shapes that extend beyond the original square. Because Pathfinder always creates a grouped set of objects, apply <strong>Object&gt;Ungroup<\/strong> first.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If any strokes remain, or if you don&#8217;t like where the fills ended up, you can delete strokes or reassign fills to your preference.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Save the file.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"870\" data-attachment-id=\"1195\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/dwt06\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt06.png\" data-orig-size=\"870,870\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"dwt06\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt06.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt06.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt06.png 870w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt06-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt06-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt06-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dwt06-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Video_demo\"><\/span>Video demo<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Here is a 12-minute viewing of the process outlined above. I speak slowly so I won&#8217;t take it personally if you run it at 1.25 or 1.5 speed!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"logo demo\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4Z0sajaS5_k?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Exercise_4_Saving_and_sharing\"><\/span>Exercise 4: Saving and sharing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"File_types_and_their_common_uses\"><\/span>File types and their common uses<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You&#8217;ll need your file to eventually escape out of the proprietary .ai file type for people to see it!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Different kinds of file types have specific functions in particular contexts, as detailed below. For some of these file types, we access a <strong>Save As<\/strong> function, while for others, we <strong>Export<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using the chart as a guide, save your file, first as a .ai type, then as a .jpg, a .png, a .gif, an .svg, and finally a .pdf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"216\" height=\"216\" data-attachment-id=\"1197\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/wc_ai\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_ai.png\" data-orig-size=\"216,216\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"wc_ai\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_ai.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_ai.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_ai.png 216w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_ai-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_ai-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 216px) 100vw, 216px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-large-font-size\">.<strong>ai<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">Illustrator File<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>CREATE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>File&gt;Save<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SAMPLE FILE SIZE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Size: 1.6 MB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ART TYPE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vector<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>USES<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Working in&nbsp;Illustrator<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Proprietary format<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"216\" height=\"216\" data-attachment-id=\"1200\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/wc_pdf\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_pdf.png\" data-orig-size=\"216,216\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"wc_pdf\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_pdf.png\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_pdf.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_pdf.png 216w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_pdf-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc_pdf-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 216px) 100vw, 216px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-large-font-size\">.<strong>pdf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">Portable Document Format<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>CREATE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>File&gt;Save As<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SAMPLE FILE SIZE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Size: 776 KB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ART TYPE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vector<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>USES<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cross-platform<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Edit-safe file creation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open format<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"216\" height=\"216\" data-attachment-id=\"1202\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/wc\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc.svg\" data-orig-size=\"216,216\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"[]\" data-image-title=\"wc\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc.svg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1202\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-large-font-size\">.<strong>svg<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">Scalable Vector Graphic<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>CREATE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>File&gt;Export&gt;Export As&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SAMPLE FILE SIZE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Size: 2 KB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ART TYPE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vector<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>USES<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cross-platform<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cross-application<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scalable web images<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transparency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Animation in HTML5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open format<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"904\" height=\"904\" data-attachment-id=\"1204\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/wcb\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wcb.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"904,904\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"wcb\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wcb.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wcb.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1204\" srcset=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wcb.jpg 904w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wcb-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wcb-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wcb-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wcb-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-large-font-size\">.<strong>jpg<\/strong><br><strong>.jpeg<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">Joint Photographic Experts Group<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>CREATE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>File&gt;Export&gt;Export As&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><em>Save Highest Quality<\/em><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><em>RGB color model<\/em><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Resolution 300 ppi<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SAMPLE FILE SIZE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Size: 103 KB <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ART TYPE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Raster: bitmap EXIF or JFIF file<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lossy compression<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>USES<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cross-platform<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cross-application<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Small web images<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No transparency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No animation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open format<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"904\" height=\"904\" data-attachment-id=\"1205\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/wc-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc.png\" data-orig-size=\"904,904\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" 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https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-large-font-size\">.<strong>png<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">Portable Network Graphic<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">(lossless compression)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>CREATE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>File&gt;Export&gt;Export As&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Resolution 300 ppi<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Transparent background<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SAMPLE FILE SIZE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Size: 21 KB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ART TYPE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Raster: bitmap file<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lossless compression<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>USES<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cross-platform<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cross-application<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Small web images<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transparency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Animation (using APNG)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open format<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"218\" height=\"218\" data-attachment-id=\"1206\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/wc-3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc.gif\" data-orig-size=\"218,218\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"wc\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc.gif\" src=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/wc.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1206\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-large-font-size\">.<strong>gif<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">Graphics Interchange Format<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>CREATE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>File&gt;Save For Web (Legacy)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Deselect Clip to Artboard<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SAMPLE FILE SIZE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Size: 3  KB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ART TYPE:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Raster: indexed color (256)&nbsp;bitmap file<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lossless compression<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>USES<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cross-platform<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cross-application<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Small web images<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transparency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Animation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open format<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%E2%80%94_Save_each_file_type\"><\/span>1 \u2014 Save each file type<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use the logotype file you created to generate each of the file types listed above.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%E2%80%94_Embed_and_link_the_files\"><\/span>2 \u2014 Embed and link the files<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Embed or link (as appropriate) each in your process journal or blog. Which ones give you trouble with embedding, forcing you to create links instead? Which ones look better as an embed? For embedding assistance, use the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/embeds\/\">Embeds<\/a><\/strong> guide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2 | 13ways 2D | point &gt; line type drawing Download sample file here Drawing with type The word typography means drawing with type. Our Latin alphabet evolved from systems comprised of simple pictures called ideograms, representing intangible ideas, or pictograms, representing objects. While phonetic alphabets representing sounds evolved in the West, poetically charged ideograms&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/williamcromar.com\/newmediawiki\/type-drawing\/\">read more &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,11,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2d-digital-art","category-exercises","category-fabbing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Type drawing - newMediaWiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Drawing with type: The word typography literally means just that. 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